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Things to Check When in Doubt

  • ᡶᠠ vs ᠸᠠ
  • ᡴᠠ vs ᡴᡝ vs ᠰᠠ
  • ᡶ vs ᠵ vs ᠶ vs ᡳ
  • Dots normally only appear after the letters they belong to
  • Count the teeth!

  • If you cannot find the word in a dictionary, first check Zakharov. If you still cannot find it, it is either a proper name or a musical instrument. (Stefan Georg/Britta-Maria Gruber)

Translation Suggestions

Verb Paradigm of Arambi (to Write)

(Möllendorff 1892, 10)

Verb FormManchuEnglish
1.Imperativearawrite!
2.Present TensearambiI write.
3.Infinitivearameto write.
4.PreteritearahaI wrote.
5.FutureararaI shall write.
6.Conditionalaracishould I write.
7.Subjunctive Presentarakimay he write.
8.Past Gerundarafihaving written.
9.ImperfectarambiheI was writing.
10.Indefinite PastarahabiI have written.
11.PluperfectarahabiheI had written.
12.Past Conditionalarahabiciif I had written.
13.Adversativearacibealthough he may write.
14.Concessivearacinamay he write.
15.Optativearakiniwould that he wrote.
16.Gerund I.arambimewhilst writing.
17.Gerund II.arambifihaving written.
18.Gerund III.aranggalabefore writing.
19.Passivearambumbiit is written.
20.Causative or PassivearambubumbiI cause to be written.
21.Verbal Nounarahangge, araranggethe writing, the writer.
22.Indefinitearahale, araralewhoever writes.
23.Adverbialararalamein the manner of writing.